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Corporate Law

42 articles

Company Registration in Bulgaria — Complete Guide (2026)

15 sections: KID-2025, UBO declaration, costs EUR 300-1,400, director social security EUR 153-172/mo, annual calendar, 10 FAQs.

Branch of a Bulgarian Company — When and How to Open a Regional Branch (2026)

Arts. 17-20 Commerce Act, 1 branch per locality, fee EUR 10.23 electronic, 3-5 business days.

Occupational Health Service (OHS) in Bulgaria — How to Register and Operate (2026)

Ministry of Health registration, minimum staff (doctor + engineer + technical), fee EUR 188.

Starting an HR/Recruitment Agency in Bulgaria — Employment Intermediation Registration (2026)

Employment Agency registration, fee EUR 410, free services to candidates — mandatory rule.

Private Security License in Bulgaria — Types, Procedure and Fees (2026)

5 activity types, MoI GDNP, fees EUR 256-3,068, indefinite license, staff requirements.

Registering a Food Establishment with BFSA — Shop, Restaurant, Online Sales (2026)

Food Act, mandatory HACCP, fees EUR 103-230, on-site inspection within 30-60 days.

Registration in Bulgaria's Central Professional Register of Builders (CPRB) (2026)

5 construction categories, 5 groups, personnel + equipment, electronic submission, register.ksb.bg.

Financial Institution Under Art. 3a CIA — BNB Registration, Ordinance 26 and Consumer Credit (2026)

Leasing, factoring, non-bank lending — triple legal framework, APR ceiling, AML obligations.

Registration with KAB and KIIP — Design Competence for Architects and Engineers (2026)

Full vs limited competence, 2-4 years practice, admission ~EUR 80, EU recognition.

Insurance Broker and Agent — Registration, Differences and Requirements (2026)

FSC registration, broker vs agent, PI insurance EUR 1.25M, degree + 2yr experience, 15hr/yr training.

Authorization for Pharmaceutical Trade — Pharmacy, Drugstore and Online Sales (2026)

BDA authorization, pharmacist required, fee EUR 511, online OTC only with EU logo.

Certification of SPA, Wellness and Medical SPA Centres in Bulgaria (2026)

Ordinance 04-14, trademark protection, 4 types of centres, fees EUR 511-665, 5-year validity.

Agricultural Producer Registration in Bulgaria — Procedure, Documents, Taxes and Subsidies (2026)

AAPA Art. 7, Ordinance 3/1999, free registration at Regional Agriculture Directorate, 60%/40% flat-rate expenses, EUR 51,130 tax relief.

Hotel and Guest House Categorization in Bulgaria — Procedure, Fees and Requirements (2026)

Tourism Act, Class A/B, 1-5★, fees 10-2,250 BGN, ESTI system, EU Regulation 2024/1028 from 20.05.2026.

Fuel Trade in Bulgaria — Registration, Licensing and Requirements (2026)

ZARIDINPNP, capital BGN 20,000-1,000,000, collateral, excise duties, EKAS, fines up to BGN 200,000.

EOOD vs OOD vs DPK — Which Company Type? (2026)

Capital EUR 1, tax 10% + 5% dividend. Full comparison.

Register an EOOD (Single-Member LLC) in Bulgaria (2026)

Step-by-step procedure, documents, costs in EUR.

Register an OOD (Multi-Member LLC) — Step by Step (2026)

Partnership agreement, partner rights, procedure.

Register a VCC (DPK) — Startup Guide (2026)

Procedure, documents, costs, comparison with EOOD.

Register a Company as a Foreigner in Bulgaria (2026)

Remote, via power of attorney, EU vs non-EU, fees.

Variable Capital Company (VCC) — The New Form for Startups

No minimum capital, vesting, ESOP, convertible loans.

Transfer of Company Shares in an OOD — Procedure & Taxes (2026)

Notarization, GA resolution, 10% capital gains tax.

Capital Redenomination for the Euro — Guide

Deadline 31.12.2026, procedure, calculation examples.

Company Liquidation — Step-by-Step Procedure

9 steps from NRA notification to deletion from Trade Register.

Closing a Sole Trader (ET) — Procedure, Documents & Deadlines (2026)

Step by step: NSSI certificate, Form A1, VAT deregistration. Fee from EUR 8.

Company Liquidation — Procedure, Timeline & Costs (2026)

Standard and fast-track liquidation.

Fast-Track Liquidation — The New Procedure (2026)

Art. 274a Commercial Act, conditions.

Insolvency — Procedure, Creditors & Reorganisation

9-stage procedure, reorganisation plan.

Registration of Foundation and Association (NPO)

Public vs private benefit, documents, fees.

Branch of a Bulgarian NGO (Association or Foundation) — Registration and Scope (2026)

Application B2, own EIK, 1 branch per locality, fee EUR 12.78 electronic via lawyer.

Foreign NGO Branch in Bulgaria — Requirements, Documents and Apostille (2026)

Application A18, apostille or consular legalization, certified translation, 3-6 weeks.

Closing a Bulgarian Community Centre (Chitalishte) — Liquidation Procedure and Requirements (2026)

2/3 majority, 6-month period, Art. 77 DOPK certificate, obligations towards Ministry of Culture.

Terms & Conditions for Online Shops — Legal Requirements

10 mandatory clauses, e-commerce, GDPR.

Opening a Bank Account in Bulgaria — Guide

Corporate accounts, AML requirements, euro.

Bank Account for Foreign Citizens in Bulgaria

EU and non-EU citizens, documents.

Starting a Business as a Foreign Entrepreneur

Company types, remote registration, tax residency.

The Startup Ecosystem in Bulgaria — Opportunities

VC funds, accelerators, tax incentives.

Additional Cash Contributions in LLCs

Art. 134 Commercial Act, procedure, deadlines and consequences of non-payment.

Branch Registration of Foreign Company in Bulgaria

Trade Register filing, required documents, tax implications.

Changing NACE Code — Procedure & Costs

Trade Register application, timeline and fees for updating your main activity code.

Civil Partnership (DZZD) — Formation & Taxation

BULSTAT registration, tax treatment and liability of partners.

Contribution of Receivables to Company Capital

Non-cash contribution procedure, valuation and Trade Register filing.

Converting EOOD to EDPK — Procedure & Benefits

Transformation to single-member variable capital company, documents and timeline.

Converting OOD to DPK — Step by Step

Transformation to variable capital company, partner consent and registration.

Annual Financial Statements — Filing & Deadlines

Trade Register submission, deadlines 30 June / 30 September, fines for non-compliance.

DZZD in Public Procurement — Legal Framework

Joint participation in tenders, liability, documentation requirements.

DZZD Termination — Grounds & Procedure

Dissolution by agreement, court order or expiry of term.

General Terms & Conditions — Drafting Guide

Mandatory clauses, consumer protection, e-commerce requirements.

Hidden Profit Distribution — Risks & Penalties

CITA rules, transactions at non-arm's-length prices, tax consequences.

Inheriting Company Shares in an OOD

Succession procedure, partner consent, Trade Register filing.

Management & Control Agreement (DUK)

Rights and obligations, tax treatment, social security.

Manager Duties in an OOD — Obligations & Liability

Fiduciary duties, non-compete, personal liability for damages.

No Activity Declaration — When & How to File

NRA and NSI declarations, deadlines and consequences of omission.

Partner Exclusion from OOD — Grounds & Procedure

Art. 126 Commercial Act, GA resolution, court proceedings.

Penalty Clauses in Bulgarian Contracts

Enforceability, court reduction, relationship with actual damages.

Shareholder Rights Protection — Legal Remedies

Minority shareholder rights, challenging GA decisions, derivative actions.

Trademark Registration in Bulgaria — Complete Guide

National and EU trademark, procedure, fees, opposition and renewal.

Tax Law

23 articles

Bulgaria Tax Law Changes 2026 — Overview

VAT threshold EUR 51,130, SME scheme, CIT reliefs.

VAT in Bulgaria — Complete Guide (2026)

Rate 20%, supplies, deductions, returns.

VAT Registration — When, How & Why (2026)

Threshold EUR 51,130, 7-day deadline.

VAT Registration — Thresholds, Rates & Procedure (2026)

EU SME scheme, current rates.

Prescription of Tax Debts — When the NRA Loses the Right to Collect (2026)

TSSPC Arts. 171-174, 5-year general, 10-year absolute prescription, ex officio write-off.

Tax Planning for M&A Deals in Bulgaria — Structuring and Risks (2026)

Share deal vs asset deal, VAT, WHT, DTTs, ATAD, goodwill, earn-out clauses.

Permanent Establishment — When Foreign Companies Owe Tax in Bulgaria (2026)

PE types, 10% CIT, DTTs, remote employees and PE risk.

Local Taxes and Fees — Property, Vehicle, Waste Fee (2026)

Property tax 0.1-4.5‰, vehicle tax by kW and Euro standard, 2026 waste fee reform.

Donation Tax in Bulgaria — When It Applies and How to Calculate (2026)

0% for direct line relatives, 0.4-0.8% for siblings, 3.3-6.6% for others. Exemptions and procedure.

Donations to NGOs and Public-Benefit Causes — Tax Reliefs for Individuals and Companies (2026)

Art. 22 PITA (5%/15%/50%, cap 65%) + Art. 31 CITA (10%/15%/50%, cap 65%); public-benefit status, documents, VAT.

Inheritance Tax in Bulgaria — Rates, Exemptions and Procedure (2026)

0% for direct line heirs, EUR 127,823 non-taxable minimum, 6-month filing deadline.

Appealing NRA Revision Acts — Procedure and Deadlines (2026)

14-day deadline, administrative and judicial phases, stay of enforcement, burden on NRA.

FDI Screening in Bulgaria — Foreign Investment Review (2026)

EUR 2M threshold, 45+30 day procedure, fines up to 5%, fully operational from 22.07.2025.

Tax on Expenses in Bulgaria 2026 — Entertainment, Social Benefits and Benefits in Kind

10% rate, thresholds EUR 102.26 food vouchers and EUR 30.68 insurance, filing by June 30.

Corporate Tax — Rates, Filing & Payment (2026)

10% flat tax, Pillar Two.

Cryptocurrency Tax in Bulgaria (2026)

Rate 9%, DeFi and NFT taxation.

Tax Return 2026 — Deadlines & Filing

30 April, 5% discount before 31.03.

Tax Relief for Children 2026

EUR 307/614/920 for 1/2/3+ children.

Airbnb Tax in Bulgaria (2026)

Patent tax, VAT, social security.

Rental Income Tax (2026)

Effective rate 9%, advance payments.

How to Become a Tax Resident of Bulgaria (2026)

183-day rule, NRA certificate.

Withholding Tax & Dividend Tax (2026)

5% dividend, 10% interest, 80+ DTTs.

Dividends from Foreign Companies and ETFs — Taxation and Reporting for Bulgarian Investors (2026)

Art. 38(2) ZDDFL, Annex 8, tax credit, Russia DTT 2023 suspension, СПБ-8, 5% early-filing discount.

ESOP, RSU and Shares from Employer — Tax Treatment in Bulgaria (2026)

NRA post-2017 practice: exercise is the taxable event, FMV − strike, 9% effective on sale, VCC alternative.

Income from the US, UAE and Other Non-EU Countries — Tax Treatment for Bulgarian Tax Residents (2026)

US DTT 2007, UAE DTT 2009, UK DTT 1987, Russia suspension 2023, W-8 BEN, Annex 8/9.

Unpaid Loans Above EUR 5,113 — When and How to Disclose Them to the NRA (2026)

Art. 50(1)(5) ZDDFL, thresholds EUR 5,113/20,452, Annex 11, 10-15% penalty, DOPK revision.

Online Sales by Individuals in Bulgaria — When Tax Is Due and How to File (2026)

DAC7 Directive, threshold EUR 2,000/30 sales, Art. 13 ZDDFL, OLX/Amazon/Etsy, 15% sole trader, VAT EUR 51,130.

Capital Gains from Shares and ETFs — Reporting by Bulgarian Individuals (2026)

Art. 33 ZDDFL 10%, 10% automatic NPR from 2024 → 9% effective, Art. 13(1)(3) EU/EEA exemption, Annex 5 code 508.

NRA Tax Audit in Bulgaria — Phases, Deadlines and Legal Defense (2026)

Assignment order, audit report, 14-day objection, 14-day ODOP appeal, 60-day decision, appeal to Supreme Admin Court.

When the NRA Loses the Right to Collect — Statute of Limitations for Taxes and Penalties in Bulgaria (2026)

Art. 171 DOPK 5y/10y absolute, Art. 34 ZANN 3m/2y, Joint Interpretive Decision 1/2015 SCC-SAC 4.5y.

Appealing Administrative Violation Acts (АУАН) and Penalty Orders in Bulgaria — ZANN Procedure (2026)

Art. 44 ZANN 7-day objection, Art. 59 ZANN 14-day district court appeal, Art. 63v cassation 14 days, Art. 58d 20% early-payment discount.

Personal Use of Company Assets in Bulgaria — Expense Tax and Alternatives under CITA and PITA (2026)

Art. 204(1)(4) CITA 10% final tax, Art. 215a formulas (km, hours, 50%), 20% default for other assets, VAT adjustment, PITA alternative.

Business Trips in Bulgaria and Abroad — Per Diems, Accommodation and Tax Treatment (2026)

Decree 354/2025 from 01.01.2026 — per diem EUR 22 domestic, EUR 35–80 abroad, Art. 33 CITA deductibility, Art. 24 PITA exempt up to 2× limit.

Self-Insured Persons (СОЛ) in Bulgaria — Regime, Contributions and Income Base (2026)

Art. 4(3) KSO — min base EUR 550.66, max EUR 2,111.64. Rates 27.8% (minimum) or 31.3% with GIM. Declaration 1 by 25th, annual reconciliation by 30 April.

Remote Work and Home Office in Bulgaria — Labour and Tax Aspects (2026)

Labour Code Section VIIIb (Art. 107з–107п), employer obligations under Art. 107и, CITA/PITA treatment, A1 and PE risk for cross-border remote work.

Disguised Employment — Reclassification of Civil Contracts and Labour Code Sanctions in Bulgaria (2026)

LC Art. 1(2) and 405a — Labour Inspectorate declares employment relationship. Criteria, penalties BGN 2,500–15,000, NRA recalculations, 14-day appeal.

Taxation of Influencers in Bulgaria — YouTube, TikTok, Instagram and DAC7 (2026)

Art. 29 PITA 25% statutory expense, mandatory VAT under Art. 97a before AdSense/TikTok, DAC7 platform reporting, СОЛ vs ЕООД with calculations.

Holding Structure in Bulgaria — Tax Benefits, Substance and Participation Exemption (2026)

Art. 194, 27 CITA, Directive 2011/96/EU, 10% participation for 2+ years, substance requirements, beneficial owner, ATAD and CFC rules.

Customer Due Diligence (KYC/CDD) under Bulgarian AML Law — Procedure, Documents and Sanctions (2026)

Art. 10 ZMIP 6 components, three levels (simplified/standard/enhanced), PEP screening, SANS sanctions BGN 1,000–2,000,000, STR and no-tipping-off.

Sale of a Commercial Enterprise under Art. 15 of the Bulgarian Commerce Act — Procedure, Notarisation and Tax Treatment (2026)

Simultaneous notarisation of signatures + content, Commercial and Real Estate Register, joint liability, VAT out of scope, Asset vs Share deal comparison.

Franchise Agreements in Bulgaria — Legal Framework, Royalty, Tax and VAT (2026)

Unnamed contract (Art. 9 OCA), initial fee and royalty 3–8%, 10% withholding tax (Art. 195 CITA), VAT reverse charge, VBER valid to 31.05.2034.

Manager Liability for Company Tax Debts — Art. 19 DOPK (2026)

Subsidiary personal liability of manager/partner, 4 cumulative preconditions, intent, tax audit act, 14-day appeal, 5/10-year limitation.

Public Auction by a Private Enforcement Agent in Bulgaria — Procedure, Pricing and Debtor Rights (2026)

CPC Art. 483–499 — valuation, 75% starting price, 10% deposit, assignment order, 14-day appeal, sole home protection (Art. 444).

Internal Labour Regulations (ПВТР) in Bulgaria — Content, Adoption and Mandatory Scope (2026)

Art. 181 LC — mandatory for every employer (no minimum), consultation procedure, signed acknowledgement, sanctions BGN 1,500–15,000.

Opening a Foreign Branch of a Bulgarian Company — Legal, Tax and Accounting Aspects (2026)

Art. 3(2) CITA worldwide taxation, DTT exemption, Art. 14 tax credit, AS 21, Annex 2, branch vs subsidiary.

Real Estate Transactions by Individuals in Bulgaria — Purchase, Flip, Taxes and VAT (2026)

Art. 13 ZDDFL 3y/5y exemption, 9% effective on sale, "3 deals in 12 months" myth, CJEU C-180/10 Słaby/Kuć.

Bulgarian Tax Residency Certificate — NRA Procedure, Timelines and DTT Application (2026)

Art. 88-93 DOPK, free procedure, 14 days, tie-breaker rules, 14+7-day appeals, W-8 BEN, foreign tax refunds.

Royalties and License Income for Individuals in Bulgaria — 6% Effective Rate (2026)

Art. 29(1)(3) ZDDFL, 40% NPR → 6% effective, no social security, YouTube/Spotify/Patreon, Annex 3.

Advance Dividend Distribution in Bulgaria — NRA Guidelines and Hidden Profit Distribution Risk (2026)

NRA Opinion 33-00-165 #1/09.06.2022, reasoned forecast, shareholders' decision, 15% combined rate, Art. 194 CITA.

In-Kind Contribution to a Bulgarian Company — Property, IP, Receivables and Securities (2026)

Arts. 72-73a Commerce Act, 3 experts, market valuation, no VAT (Art. 10 VAT Act), real estate/IP/receivables.

Bulgarian Road Vehicle Tax 2026 — Formula, Municipal Rates, Eco-Component and Exemptions

Art. 55 ZMDT (Annual Tax = PropertyComp × EcoComp), EVs exempt, 50% disability, 5% early discount, Sofia/Plovdiv/Varna.

Bulgarian Patent Tax in 2026 — Activities, Municipal Rates and Filing under Art. 61n

Threshold EUR 51,130, Arts. 61z-61p ZMDT, 40 patent activities, 31 Jan deadline, 5% discount, 50% relief for disabled/pensioners.

Statutory Deductible Expenses (НПР) Under Art. 29 PITA — 25%, 40%, 60% for Freelancers, Authors, Farmers (2026)

25% liberal professions, 40% authors/lawyers (from 2023), 60% farmers (unprocessed), Annex 3 codes 03/05/07/09/10.

Exports to Non-EU Countries and Reverse Charge VAT on Foreign Services (2026)

Art. 28 zero rate export, Art. 82(2)(3) reverse charge, Art. 117 protocol, Art. 97a simplified registration, SME regime.

Bulgarian Corporate Income Tax 2026 — 10% Rate, Advance Payments and CITA Reporting

Art. 20 CITA 10%, 15% combined with dividend, 30 June deadline, advance payment thresholds EUR 153K/1.5M, 50% EV depreciation.

Three Ways to Increase Your Company's Capital — Cash, Apport, and Profit Capitalization (2026)

Arts. 147-149 Commerce Act, shareholder unanimity, 70% pre-filing, no VAT/capital tax (Directive 2008/7/EC), loan vs capital.

How the NRA Treats Representation Expenses in Bulgaria — Practice, Evidence and Audit Mistakes (2026)

Art. 204 CITA 10% expense tax, Art. 62 VAT Rules, advertising vs representation, documentary evidence, 5 case studies.

Staking, DeFi Yield and NFT — Bulgarian Tax Positions for Crypto Investors (2026)

Staking two-step taxation, DeFi lending/yield farming, NFT classification, MiCA from 01.07.2026, DAC8 from 01.01.2027.

Compensation in Cryptocurrencies — Employment, Civil Contracts, Social Contributions and Taxation (2026)

Labour Code Art. 269, ILO Conv. 95, civil contract, self-insured 7.5% effective, EOOD 14.5%, RSU vesting, MiCA, DAC8 01.01.2027.

Registering as a Freelancer — Taxes & Procedure

10% tax, 25% deductions, BULSTAT.

Related Party Loans — Tax Risks and Rules (2026)

Transfer pricing, hidden profit distribution 5%+20%, thin capitalization 3:1.

Taxes & Social Security — Complete Reference (2026)

All rates, thresholds and changes.

Advance Tax Payments — Rules & Deadlines

Monthly and quarterly advance payments, thresholds, penalties for underpayment.

Food Vouchers — Tax Treatment & Limits

EUR 100/month tax-free limit, employer deductibility, social security exemption.

Non-Deductible Expenses Under CITA

Entertainment, fines, hidden profit distribution — full list with tax adjustments.

Social Security for Self-Employed Persons

Contribution rates, income thresholds, annual equalization.

VAT-Exempt Supplies — Complete List

Financial services, healthcare, education, insurance — Art. 38-50 VATA.

VAT Input Credit — Conditions & Procedure

Right to deduct, 12-month deadline, partial credit, adjustments.

VAT Refund Procedure in Bulgaria

30-day offset, 30-day refund, audit, effective refund and accelerated procedure.

Taxation of Dividends, Liquidation Shares & Stock Income (2026)

5% dividend tax, combined rate 15%, liquidation shares, capital gains.

Taxes on Copyright and License Income (2026)

40% standard expenses, 6% effective rate, no social contributions, WHT for non-residents, VAT.

Withholding Tax in Bulgaria — Rates & Exemptions

10% default rate, DTT relief, EU Interest & Royalties Directive.

Double Tax Treaties (SIDDO) — Application Guide

80+ treaties, procedure for claiming relief, required documents.

Employment Law

15 articles

Employment Law Changes 2026 — Overview

Min wage EUR 620, Pay Transparency Directive.

Employment Contracts — Types & Requirements (2026)

Art. 66 Labour Code, mandatory content.

Disciplinary Dismissal — Step by Step for Employers (2026)

Art. 188-195 Labour Code, written explanations, 2-month deadline, 6-month compensation on reversal.

Whistleblowing — Internal Reporting Channels Guide for Employers (2026)

Whistleblower Protection Act — obligations for 50+ employees, 7/3 deadlines, fines up to EUR 10,225.

AI in Recruitment — Legal Risks for Employers (2026)

AI Act high-risk from 02.08.2026, GDPR Art. 22, emotion recognition ban, fines up to EUR 35M.

Compensation for Unused Paid Leave — Calculation and Rights (2026)

Art. 224 Labour Code, calculation formula, 2-year prescription period, tax treatment.

Compensation for Children Not Admitted to Kindergarten — Parents' Rights (2026)

Ordinance SG 90/2023, 5 conditions, bimonthly filing, actual expenses up to state average.

Social Insurance on Multiple Grounds — Rules, Examples and Common Mistakes (2026)

Two contracts, self-insured + employment, civil contracts. Max insurable income ~EUR 2,112.

Posting Workers to Germany — MiLoG, A1 and Practice (2026)

MiLoG EUR 13.90/hour, A1 certificate up to 24 months, Meldepflicht, fines up to EUR 500,000.

Dismissal — Employee Rights & Procedure (2026)

Protected categories, compensation.

Compensation Upon Termination (2026)

All types, calculations in EUR.

Electronic Employment Record — New System

Deadline 01.06.2026, entries 3/7/10 days.

EU Pay Transparency Directive 2023/970 — What Every Employer Must Know (2026)

Salary range in ads, pay secrecy ban, 7 indicators, 5% threshold, uncapped compensation. Deadline: 07.06.2026.

Slovakia — First EU Member State to Transpose Directive 2023/970: What's Next for Bulgaria (2026)

Slovak Equal Pay Act 15.04.2026, in force 07.06.2026. Analysis for BG employers + ready-to-use platform EqualPay.bg / app.equalpay.bg.

EU Pay Transparency Directive — Transposition Status Across the 27 Member States (April 2026) + Implications for Bulgaria

4 partial in force, 9 with draft, 13 with no draft (incl. Bulgaria), Sweden withdrew. Gold-plating in 7. Multinational strategy + EqualPay.bg.

Penalties for Pay Transparency Violations — What Your Business Risks (2026)

Uncapped compensation, reversed burden of proof, collective actions. EUR 1.3M+ exposure.

Right to Pay Information — What Every Employee Can Request (2026)

Average by gender and category, 2-month deadline, pay secrecy clauses — BANNED.

Pay Transparency in Hiring 2026 — New Rules for Job Ads, Salaries and Recruitment

Salary range in ads, ban on asking previous pay, gender-neutral titles, non-discriminatory selection.

Gender Pay Gap Reporting — Who, When and What Must Be Reported (2027–2031)

250+ → 2027, 7 indicators, 5% threshold, joint assessment, prepare now.

Job Grading Under the EU Pay Transparency Directive — Why It's Mandatory and How It Works

4 mandatory criteria (skills, effort, responsibility, conditions), why NKPD is not enough, method comparison.

EU Pay Transparency Directive — Guide (2026)

Directive 2023/970, deadline 7 June 2026.

Overtime Work — Rules & Pay (2026)

150 hours/year, +50/75/100% premium.

Posting Workers to the EU (2026)

A1 certificate, fines EUR 767–15,339.

Remote Work (Home Office) — Rules (2026)

Art. 107z Labour Code, employer obligations.

EU Blue Card — Employer Guide (2026)

Salary EUR 2,054/month, documents.

Employment of Minors — Rules & Restrictions

Labour Inspectorate permit, working hours, prohibited activities.

Foreign Employer Registration in Bulgaria

NRA registration, social security obligations, payroll compliance.

Probation Period — Rules & Termination

Maximum 6 months, termination with notice, extension rules.

Reinstatement After Wrongful Dismissal

Court claim, compensation up to 6 months' salary, 2-month deadline.

Special Dismissal Protection — Protected Categories

Pregnant employees, trade union members, Labour Inspectorate approval.

Real Estate

12 articles

Buying Property — Complete Guide

5 steps, costs, VAT, mortgage.

Professional Condominium Managers 2026 — Mandatory Registration, Fees and Obligations

Ordinance RD-02-20-1 in force from 20.02.2026, MRRB registry, EUR 80 fee, 5-year validity.

Real Estate Brokerage — Rules, Commissions & Liability (2026)

Legal framework, brokerage agreement, AML obligations, typical 3+3% commission.

Preliminary Contract for Property — Essential Clauses & Court Enforcement (2026)

Art. 19 OCA, 10% deposit, court declaration as final, VKS Interpretive Decision 4/2020.

Power of Attorney in Bulgaria — Types, Form and Limits (2026)

Simple, signature certification, signature+content certification. Revocation and Art. 38 self-dealing ban.

Buying Property — Legal Guide (2026)

10 steps, 6–11% costs, 10% deposit.

Buying Property as a Foreigner — Step by Step

Land restriction, EOOD workaround.

Copies of Notarial Deeds 2026 — Who Can Obtain Them from 15 January

Restricted access, legal interest for third parties, anti-property fraud measures.

Notarial Fees for Property — Calculator (2026)

Tax 3%, registration 0.1%, max EUR 3,068.

Underdeclared Price in a Notarial Deed — Tax & Criminal Risks (2026)

LTFA Arts. 46-47, PITA Art. 33, CC Arts. 255 (1-10 yrs) and 313, CPRA EUR 5,113, notarial affidavit.

DAC7 Reporting for Booking, Airbnb and Vrbo — Bulgarian Host Obligations (2026)

TIPC Chapter 16 Section VIII, no de minimis for property, VAT Art. 97a, patent tax EUR 12.78–127.82, NRA cross-checks.

Rental Agreement — Clauses & Protection

Deposit, 9% tax, notice period.

Condominium Ownership — Rights & Obligations

Common areas, general meeting, management, maintenance fees.

Hidden Defects in Property — Buyer's Remedies

Warranty claims, price reduction, rescission, limitation periods.

Maintenance & Care Agreement for Property

Transfer of property in exchange for lifelong care, registration, risks.

Mortgage in Bulgaria — Types & Procedure

Contractual and statutory mortgage, registration, enforcement.

Right of Use (Usufruct) — Establishment & Taxation

Creation by contract, will or prescription, valuation, tax treatment.

Immigration & Residency

5 articles

Tax Guide for Digital Nomads in Bulgaria — Residency, Taxation and Compliance (2026)

10% flat tax, 7.5% effective for freelancers, EOOD 15%, D visa, DTTs, banking.

Digital Nomad Visa — Complete Guide (2026)

Income EUR 31,000/year, up to 2 years.

Digital Nomad Visa — Everything You Need to Know

Requirements, taxes, cost of living.

Type D Visa — Types, Requirements & Procedure

21 grounds, including digital nomads.

Work Permit for Non-EU Citizens (2026)

2–4 months, fees EUR 200–250.

Residency Through Property Investment

Threshold BGN 600,000, citizenship.

Regulations & Compliance

16 articles

AML Compliance for Accountants — Guide (2026)

Art. 9b registry, customer due diligence.

MiCA and Jurisdiction Choice in CEE — Why Bulgaria Is the Best Option (2026)

Comparison of 5 CEE jurisdictions for crypto licensing — fees, capital, timelines, taxes. Class 1 from EUR 2,556.

MiCA Crypto Regulation (2026)

CASP licence, transition 01.07.2026.

Digital Services Act (DSA) in Bulgaria — Obligations for Online Platforms (2026)

Regulation 2022/2065, CRC as coordinator, fines up to 6% of turnover, VLOPs duties.

EU Data Act — What It Means for Business in Bulgaria (2026)

Regulation 2023/2854: IoT access, B2B sharing, cloud switching, applicable from 12.09.2025.

Collective Consumer Claims — New Rules in Bulgaria (2026)

Directive 2020/1828, CPA and CPC amendments from 03.02.2026, opt-in model, Sofia City Court.

Personal Data and Artificial Intelligence — GDPR and AI Act Intersection (2026)

Dual GDPR+AI Act regime, DPIA vs FRIA, Art. 22, black box, cumulative fines up to 7% of turnover.

GDPR in Bulgaria — Practical Guide for Businesses (2026)

Controller obligations, DPO, DPIA, 72-hour breach rule. Full service package via gdprbg.com.

Workplace Video Surveillance — GDPR Rules (2026)

Legal bases, DPIA, CPDP decisions, prohibitions. Checklist for employers.

NIS2 in Bulgaria — Cybersecurity Obligations (2026)

Essential vs Important entities, 24/72 hour reporting, management liability, fines up to EUR 10M.

Anonymization and Pseudonymization — EDPB Guidelines (2026)

Differences, EDPB three tests, k-anonymity, pseudonymization and re-identification risk.

Digital Omnibus and GDPR — EDPB-EDPS Joint Opinion 2/2026 (Analysis for Bulgaria)

9 key GDPR amendments — what will and won't change. 96-hour breach notification, DPIA reform, cookie reform. BG application — 2028.

GDPR Compliance — Practical Guide

DPO, DPIA, fines, 9 steps.

Sale of Inheritance — Procedure, Taxes & Risks (2026)

Art. 212 OCA: notarial signature certification, 0% income tax, buyer assumes debts.

European Certificate of Succession — When and How to Obtain It (2026)

Regulation 650/2012, EUR 13 fee, 6-month validity, 25 EU states.

Checking an Inheritance — How to Verify Assets and Debts (2026)

7 types of checks (property, vehicles, deposits, enforcement, companies, securities, NRA).

Inheritance — Order, Shares & Procedure (2026)

Tax exempt for spouse/children, 6 months.

Making a Will — Types & Requirements

Notarial vs holographic, reserved portions.

Import & Trade of Food Supplements

BFSA registration, labelling.

Registration of Tour Operator & Agent

Capital, insurance, procedure.

Transport Licence — Freight & Passenger

EU licence, Regulation 1071/2009.

AML for Gambling Operators — Compliance Guide

AMLA obligations, customer due diligence, reporting to FID.

AML for NGOs & Foundations — Requirements

Risk assessment, beneficial owners, internal rules.

AML Training Requirements — Obligations & Fines

Annual training, documentation, supervisory inspections.

Bank Loans in Bulgaria — Legal Framework

Consumer and commercial loans, early repayment, unfair clauses.

Unauthorized Payment Transactions — How to Protect Your Money from Fraud and Phishing (2026)

Art. 79 PSPSA, max liability EUR 51, 13-month deadline, action steps against phishing.

Online Gambling in Bulgaria 2026 — Licensing, Fees and Regulation

NRA regulator, capital EUR 767K, one-off fee EUR 204,517, 25% GGR tax from 2026.

Gambling Industry in Bulgaria — Complete Regulatory Overview for Foreign Operators (2026)

Land-based and online, license types, min capital EUR 767K casinos / EUR 383K slot halls.

Beneficial Owners (UBO) — Registration & Disclosure

AMLA declaration, Trade Register filing, fines for non-compliance.

FinTech Licensing in Bulgaria — EMI, PI & Art. 3a

BNB licensing, capital requirements, passporting across the EU.

Internal AML Rules — Drafting & Implementation

Risk assessment, CDD procedures, record-keeping, reporting obligations.

Operating Lease — Legal & Tax Aspects

Lessee and lessor obligations, VAT treatment, accounting standards.

Disputes & Enforcement

7 articles

Debt Collection — Order for Payment (2026)

Art. 410 and 417 CPC, bailiff.

Statute of Limitations — Periods (2026)

5 years general, 3 short, 10 absolute.

Personal Bankruptcy — Conditions & Procedure (2026)

ZNFL, application, consequences.

Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Court Judgments in Bulgaria (2026)

EU: Regulation 1215/2012 no exequatur; non-EU: PILC Arts. 117-124, bilateral treaties.

Prescription of Bank Loans — When Debt Becomes Unenforceable (2026)

5 years principal, 3 years interest, new 10-year absolute prescription for individuals (since 2021).

Corporate Insolvency — Procedure & Creditor Rights

Opening petition, creditor claims, reorganisation plan, liquidation.

European Order for Payment — Cross-Border Debt Collection

Regulation 1896/2006, procedure, enforcement across EU member states.

Mediation & ADR — Alternative Dispute Resolution

Mediation Act, court-annexed mediation, arbitration, enforceability.

Renunciation of Inheritance — Procedure & Consequences

Court declaration, 3-month period, effects on creditors and other heirs.

Intellectual Property

1 article

Trademark Registration — Procedure & Fees

5 steps, national vs EU trademark.

Legal Newsletter

Monthly overview of legislative changes and practical advice.